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Cross-Border Shopping Activity
January 13, 2006
San Antonio

Retailing to Mexican nationals is big business in south Texas. Unlike interior U.S. cities, the border retail sector is actually an export industry. Mexican nationals cross daily to buy items ranging from groceries to high-end fashion. The retail sector has provided many job opportunities to low- and moderate-skill workers and has been an important reason why job growth along the Texas–Mexico border has outperformed most areas of the country since the 1980s.

It is an uncertain time for retailing. Large peso devaluations, such as in late 1994, may have had permanent impacts on the retailing industry. Also, the movement of big U.S. retailers into Mexico since NAFTA may reduce the demand for retail products on the U.S. side of the border.

Cosponsors

  • Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas, San Antonio and El Paso Branches
  • Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, Detroit Branch
  • International Council of Shopping Centers

Agenda
7:30 a.m. Registration and Continental Breakfast
8:45 a.m. Welcome
  Michael Niemira
International Council of Shopping Centers
  Keith Phillips
Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas, San Antonio Branch
9 a.m. Estimating the Size and Impact of Cross-Border Shopping
  Using Personal Income and Retail Sales Data to Estimate Exported Retail Sales along the Texas–Mexico Border [PDF]
 

Roberto Coronado
Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas, El Paso Branch

  A Profile of the Cross-Border Mexican Shopper and Shoppers' Impact on the Valley Economy [PDF]
  Suad Ghaddar
The University of Texas–Pan American
  Economic Impacts of Mexican Visitors to the Arizona Economy [PDF]
  Alberta Charney
University of Arizona
  Sam Kahan (Moderator)
Senior Economist, Detroit Branch
Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago
10:20 a.m. Break
10:40 a.m.  Panel Discussion: Determinants and Drivers of Cross-Border Shopping
  Real Exchange Rate Fluctuations and the Dynamics of Border Retail Trade [PDF]
  Jeffrey Campbell
Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago
  Retail Trade on the U.S.–Mexico Border During the NAFTA Implementation Era [PDF]
  Richard Adkisson
New Mexico State University
  Retailing to Foreign National Consumers in the Border Zone: The Impact of Currency Devaluation and Cross-Border Competition [PDF]
  John Hadjimarcou
University of Texas at El Paso
  Mine Yücel (Moderator)
Vice President and Senior Economist
Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas
Noon Luncheon
  Introduction of Keynote Speaker
  Robert W. Gilmer
Vice President in Charge, El Paso Branch
Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas
  Keynote Address
  Richard W. Fisher
President and CEO
Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas
1:30 p.m. Cross-Border Retailing in the Age of Terrorism
  The Impacts of 9/11 and US–VISIT on Border Retail [PDF]
  J. Michael Patrick
Texas A&M International University
  The Impacts of 9/11 on the Border Economy [PDF]
  Thomas M. Fullerton, Jr.
University of Texas at El Paso
  Albert C Zapanta (Moderator)
President and CEO
U.S.–Mexico Chamber of Commerce
2:30 p.m. Break
2:50 p.m. Panel Discussion: The Future of Cross-Border Retailing
  Deborah Fowler
Texas Tech University
  Frances Ortiz Schultschik
Director, International Public Relations
San Antonio Convention & Visitors Bureau
  Greg Souquette
H-E-B Grocery Co.
  Ted Omohundro
Prime Retail Inc.
  Michael Niemira (Moderator)
International Council of Shopping Centers
4:30 p.m. Closing Remarks
  Keith Phillips
Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas, San Antonio Branch

Speakers

Richard Adkisson
Associate Professor
New Mexico State University, Las Cruces

As an associate professor of economics and international business at New Mexico State University, Adkisson researches issues surrounding NAFTA and the U.S.–Mexico border. He is president of the Association for Institutional Thought and serves on the Western Social Science Association Executive Council. He is also a member of the Association of Borderlands Scholars. Adkisson was recently named editor of the Journal of Economic Issues. He holds a B.A. in economics from Wayne State College and an M.A. and Ph.D. in economics from the University of Nebraska.

Jeffrey Campbell
Senior Economist
Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

In his position at the Chicago Fed, Campbell provides research and analysis on econometrics and business cycles. He is also a faculty research fellow in the Economic Fluctuations Program at the National Bureau of Economic Research. His research has been published in the American Economic Review and the Review of Economic Dynamics. Previously, Campbell was an assistant professor of economics at the University of Chicago and the University of Rochester. He received an A.B. in economics from the University of Michigan and a Ph.D. in economics from Northwestern University.

Alberta Charney
Research Economist
Economic and Business Research Center
University of Arizona, Tucson

Charney’s research focuses on the Arizona economy, tax analysis, econometric model building, regional economic forecasting and impact analysis. She has built numerous revenue and economic forecasting models for Arizona and its substate areas. She has also conducted research on tax policy and population estimation/projection methods. She holds a bachelor’s degree in economics and mathematics from Carnegie-Mellon University and a master’s degree and Ph.D. in economics from the University of Illinois.

Roberto Coronado
Assistant Economist
Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas, El Paso Branch

Coronado conducts research on issues pertaining to the Mexican economy, the maquiladora industry and the U.S.–Mexico border economy. He also co-directs the Network of Border Economics (NOBE/REF), a network of researchers aimed at studying the border economy. His work has been published in the Annals of Regional Science, Southern Economic Journal and Investigación Económica. Previously, he worked as a research economist at Deloitte & Touche. Coronado holds a bachelor’s degree in economics and accounting and a master’s degree in economics from the University of Texas at El Paso.

Richard W. Fisher
President and CEO
Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas

As president and chief executive officer of the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas, Fisher serves as a member of the Federal Open Market Committee, the Federal Reserve’s principal monetary policymaking group. Previously, Fisher served as vice chairman of Kissinger McLarty Associates, a strategic advisory firm chaired by former Secretary of State Henry Kissinger. From 1997 to 2001, Fisher was deputy U.S. trade representative with the rank of ambassador. He oversaw the implementation of NAFTA, negotiations for the Free Trade Area of the Americas, and various agreements with Vietnam, Korea, Japan, Chile and Singapore. He was a senior member of the team that negotiated the bilateral accords for China’s and Taiwan’s accession to the World Trade Organization. He holds a bachelor’s degree in economics from Harvard University and an M.B.A. from Stanford University.

Deborah Fowler
Associate Professor
Texas Tech University, Lubbock

Fowler is an associate professor in the Department of Nutrition, Hospitality and Retailing at Texas Tech University. She conducted two recent studies on retail and the Hispanic population—the first focused on Hispanics’ retail experiences in nontraditional areas of the U.S. and the second on Mexican consumers who cross the border to shop. Fowler is a member of the International Textile and Apparel Association and has received research grants from the International Council of Shopping Centers and the Department of Agriculture. Previously, she was the director of the University of South Carolina’s Center for Retailing. She holds a Ph.D. from Texas Tech University.

Thomas M. Fullerton, Jr.
Wells Fargo Professor of Economics and Finance
University of Texas at El Paso

At the University of Texas at El Paso, Fullerton conducts research on borderplex business conditions. Previously, he served as senior economist at the University of Florida Bureau of Economic and Business Research, international economist with Wharton Econometrics and economist with the Executive Office of the Governor of Idaho. His research has been published in academic journals in North and South America, Europe, Asia, Africa and Australia. He holds a B.B.A. from UTEP, an M.S. from Iowa State University, an M.A. from the University of Pennsylvania and a Ph.D. from the University of Florida.

Suad Ghaddar
Research Associate
Center for Border Economic Studies University of Texas–Pan American, Edinburg

Ghaddar’s research interests include Latin American capital and ownership structures, emerging markets and the U.S.–Mexico border economy. Previously, she taught at the University of Texas at Brownsville and the American University of Beirut. Her work has been published in Research Review, Latin American Business Review and the Journal of Accounting and Finance Research. Ghaddar holds B.B.A. and M.B.A. degrees from the American University of Beirut and a Ph.D. in business administration from the University of Texas–Pan American.

John Hadjimarcou
Associate Professor
University of Texas at El Paso

Hadjimarcou is an associate professor in the Department of Marketing and Management at the University of Texas at El Paso. His research focuses on consumer psychology and international, cross-cultural issues. His research has been featured or is forthcoming in several mainstream marketing and international business journals, including the Journal of Marketing Management, Psychology & Marketing and the Journal of Consumer Marketing. Hadjimarcou has been a frequent speaker and consultant on consumer and international marketing issues throughout the world. He received his Ph.D. in marketing and international business from Kent State University.

Ted Omohundro
Regional Vice President
Prime Retail Inc., San Marcos

Omohundro is currently regional vice president with Prime Retail Inc. For five years, he oversaw Prime Outlets at San Marcos, the fourth most popular tourist destination in Texas and a favorite among shoppers from Mexico. Omohundro has worked for several prominent shopping center developers and for Rotary International. He holds a bachelor’s degree focusing on cross-cultural communication from Knox College.

J. Michael Patrick
Director, Texas Center for Border Economic and Enterprise Development
Texas A&M International University, Laredo

Patrick is director of the Texas Center for Border Economic and Enterprise Development, an organization aimed at supporting economic development efforts in Texas border communities. He also serves as director of the Center for the Study of Western Hemispheric Trade. Previously, Patrick directed the Center for Entrepreneurship and Economic Development at the University of Texas–Pan American. For the past five years, he has been editor of the Journal of Borderlands Studies, and his work has been published in numerous professional journals. He holds an M.S. in economics and a Ph.D. in agricultural economics from Michigan State University.

Greg Souquette
Senior Vice President/General Manager
H-E-B Grocery Co., San Antonio

Souquette is a senior vice president and general manager for the San Antonio region of H-E-B Grocery Co. He has worked for H-E-B since 1973, holding numerous positions including district manager for the Valley region, vice president for the border region and vice president of store operations for the Mexico division. Souquette holds a bachelor’s degree from Southwest Texas State University.

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