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Labor

  • Working Papers

    Disparate Impacts of Teacher Certification Exams

    This paper uses Texas administrative data to assess the long-standing claim that teacher certification exams discriminate against underrepresented minority (URM) candidates.

  • Texas Employment Forecast

    The Texas Employment Forecast indicates jobs will increase 1.1 percent in 2026, with an 80 percent confidence band of -0.5 to 2.7 percent.

  • Texas Employment Forecast

    December job growth was 1.7 percent in Texas, according to employment data released today by the Texas Workforce Commission and early benchmarked by the Dallas Fed. Job growth in 2025 came in at 0.1 percent (10,700 jobs), below the state’s long-term average growth of 2.0 percent.

  • Dallas Fed Communities

    Salary not sole concern for young adults weighing career decisions, focus groups find

    While challenging economic conditions were top of mind for many participants, they also considered personal and practical factors.

  • Dallas Fed Economics

    New data show intensifying unauthorized immigration decline, with large local variations

    A sudden reversal in U.S. net unauthorized immigration has important implications for the demographic outlook, labor force participation, employment growth and local labor markets.

  • Texas Employment Forecast

    The Texas Employment Forecast implies that employment growth was around zero in 2025, with an 80 percent confidence band of -0.3 to 0.3 percent.

  • Dallas Fed Economics

    Young workers’ employment drops in occupations with high AI exposure

    In recent years, unemployment has gradually ticked up, and job searchers report increased difficulty finding new work. Is this related to AI?

  • Texas Employment Forecast

    The Texas Employment Forecast indicates jobs will increase 0.9 percent in 2025, with an 80 percent confidence band of 0.7 to 1.1 percent.

  • Southwest Economy

    Immigration crackdown likely contributing to weak Texas job growth

    Findings from the Dallas Fed Texas Business Outlook Surveys (TBOS) suggest immigration policy changes will negatively affect the ability to hire and retain foreign-born workers at one in five Texas businesses this year.

  • Dallas Fed Economics

    Break-even employment declined after immigration changes

    Recent employment reports show U.S. payroll employment growth has cooled from its torrid pace in previous years, raising the question of whether this signals a healthy rebalancing or the start of a concerning slowdown.